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LIMITED
ENGAGEMENT STRINDBERG GETS THE LAST WORD
ON IBSEN’S “DOLL HOUSE”
WHERE
AND WHEN: In Ibsen's 1879 drama, Nora Helmer, a devoted mother and wife of a bank manager, has secretly borrowed money to save the life of her husband, Torvald, by forging the signature of her dying father on a loan guarantee. When the lender, a man named Krogstad, threatens exposure, Nora confronts the fragility of her marriage and Torvald’s patronizing attitudes toward her. As Torvald reacts with anger, sanctimony and self-interest, Nora realizes she has been treated like a “doll” her whole life. Determined to understand herself and the world independently, she makes the shocking choice to leave her husband and children, walking out in search of autonomy. "A Doll House" was the first of Ibsen's plays to create a sensation and is now perhaps his most famous play. It was highly controversial when first published, as it is sharply critical of 19th Century marriage norms. The piece follows the formula of well-made play up until the final act, when it breaks convention. Instead of a standard dramatic collapse and restoration, the play ends with a serious philosophical discussion between Nora and Torvald about marriage, identity, and freedom. Rather than resolving the marriage or restoring order, Nora walks out. This is one of the reasons the ending was so shocking in 1879: audiences were denied emotional closure and forced to sit with the implications. It is often called the first true feminist play, although Ibsen denied this. The play's exact title has always been in dispute. The original Norwegian and Danish manuscripts didn't have the possessive word "Doll's" in their titles. But Ibsen's first and most popular translator, William Archer, added the apostrophe. This diluted the meaning of the title, whose intention was to say that Nora was like a toy doll living in the house that was bought for her by her husband. Strindberg issued a withering critique of "A Doll's House" in his preface to "Getting Married" (Swedish title "Giftas," 1884), a volume of short stories on various topics. At the time, Strindberg was fully committed to naturalism and devoted to literature as a form of social autopsy: illuminating social forces and scientific truths. He accused his Norwegian idol of sentimentality and moral simplification and objected to the play as essentially formulaic, since its heroine achieved moral clarity. Furthermore, her final act, "the door slam heard round the world," was theatrically powerful but intellectually insufficient. It all was too clean, too symbolic and too reformist. Robert Greer has built a new adaptation of Ibsen's masterpiece by building upon the translation by R. Farquarson Sharp, who was Keeper of Printed Books at British Museum from 1924 to 1929. Greer says, "Nobody could improve Sharp's translation." The overall tone of Greer's adaptation comes from it, but about a quarter of the text is from Greer listening to it and thinking "That's not right." He says, "Strindberg was whispering in my ear." The goal of the production is to accept Strindberg's criticisms and to make key adjustments that fulfill Strindberg's arguments in the introduction to "Getting Married," his volume of short stories, in which he: •
Attacks the institution of marriage as a social and economic
arrangement rather than a sacred or romantic bond. The actors are (in order of speaking) Charles Everrett (as Torvald Helmer), Natalie Menna* (as his wife, Nora), Jane Cortney* (as Mrs. Linde, Nora's childhood friend), Chris Hahn* (as Doctor Rank, aclose, trusted friend of the Helmers) and Tom Paul Ryan (as Krogstad). Lighting design is by Alexander Bartenieff. Costume design is by Billy Little. Robert Greer** (translator/director) is Artistic Director of August Strindberg Rep, which is a resident company of TNC. He has staged 18 Strindberg plays with the company to-date as well as English-language premières of contemporary Scandinavian playwrights, including Denmark's Stig Dalager; Sweden's Kristina Lugn, Marianne Goldman, Helena Sigander, Cecilia Sidenbladh, Hans Hederberg, Oravsky and Larsen, and Margareta Garpe; and Norway's Edvard Rønning. He has also directed classics by Henrik Ibsen, Victoria Benedictsson, Laura Kieler, Anne Charlotte Leffler, and Amalie Skram. His productions have been presented at the Strindberg Museum and Strindberg Festival, Stockholm; Edinburgh and NY Fringe Festivals; Barnard College, Columbia University, Rutgers, and UCLA; Miranda, Pulse and Theater Row Theaters, La MaMa, Manhattan Theatre Source, Tribeca Lab, Synchronicity, TSI, and BargeMusic in NY; and The Duplex in LA. He has directed plays by Mario Fratti, Sartre and Corneille here in New York. He is a member of the Stage Directors and Choreographers Society, Actors' Equity Association and Swedish Translators in North America.
*=appears
courtesy of Actors Equity Association
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